PROPORTIONAL ELECTORAL MODEL AND TYPES OF CANDIDATE LISTS

Abstract

Institutional development plays a particularly important role in
the process of democratic consolidation. The democratic transition
inevitably faces the challenge of choosing modalities for the construction
of new institutions, and, within that context, of making decisions about
the electoral rules.
The electoral system is one of the key issues addressed by the
institutional engineering. Actually, the electoral design is one of the most
developed branches of institutional design in the political science.

The primary tasks in the course of the selection of the solutions
for the electoral system are to provide for political stability and
government's efficiency, as well as to provide for the expression of the
will of the voters. These tasks imply restricting the extreme polarization
of the political scene, and restricting or marginalizing the extreme
political options, so as to enable, on one hand, the establishing of a stable
government, and, on the other hand, to provide for the representation of
minorities and expression of different views and interests. Thus, it is not
unexpected that the electoral system is thought of as the "most powerful
levers of the constitutional engineering" encouraging the adaptation of
divided societies