POSSIBILITY OF WHEAT PRODUCTION IN AN INTEGRAL SYSTEM
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Published:
Dec 15, 2022
Keywords:
wheat, effective microorganisms, weight of 1000 grains, yield.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the influence foliar application of the microbiological preparation (EM Aktiv) with a mixture of different groups of microorganisms (on different genotypes of wheat in sustainable agricultural production on the weight of 1000 grains and grain yield.) The research was conducted in the period 2016/2017-2018/2019 (factor A) in the region of Vojvodina, Serbia, which includes four varieties of wheat (factor B). Factor C three variants of nitrogen are provided for wheat nutrition: 129, 106 and 83 kgˑha-1. During the vegetation, applications were performed with the microbiological preparation "EM Aktiv": F0 129 kgˑha-1 without EM, F1 129 kgˑha-1 + 1 x EM; F2 106 kgˑha-1 + 2 x EM; F3 83 kgˑha-1 + 3 x EM. At the end of the growing season, the weight of 1000 grains and the grain yield were measured. Factors A and B had an effect on the increase of the tested traits p<0.01. The highest values were recorded in 2018/2019. Factor C affected an increase in the weight of 1000 grains from 0.14% (F3) to 1.91% (F1). The differences in grain yield were significantly influenced by treatments (C) (p<0.05). The increase was from 1.91 % (F3) to 4.76 % (F1).
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Araus, J. L., Slafer, G. A., Royo, C., & Serret M. D. (2008). Breeding for yield potential and stress adaptation in cereals. Critical Reviews in Plant Science, 27, 377-412.
Barraclough, P. B., Howarth, J. R., Jones, J., Lopez-Bellido, R., Parmar, S., Shepherd, C. E., & Hawkesford, M. J. (2010). Nitrogen efficiency of wheat: Genotypic and environmental variation and prospects for improvement. European Journal of Agronomy, 33, 1-11.
Berg, G. (2009). Plant–microbe interactions promoting plant growth and health: perspectives for controlled use of microorganisms in agriculture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 84, 11–18. doi:10.
1007/s00253-009-20 92–7
Cvijanović, G., Subić, J., & Cvijanović, D. (2007). The significance of associative-nitrogen-fixators appliance in whеat production technology. Dezvoltarea Durabila a Apatiului Rural, Romania Proceedings (pp 96-101).
Cvijanović, G., Dozet, G., Cvijanović D., & Puzić G. (2011, November). Inportance of application of nitrogen-fixing from the ecological and economic aspects in a system of sustainable agriculture and rural development. In 9th International Scientific Conference Serbia facing the challenges of globalization and Sustainable Development, (pp 317-323).
Cvijanović, G., Dozet, G., Đukić, V., Đorđević, S., & Puzić, G. (2012). Microbial activity of soil during the inoculation of soyabean with symbiotic and free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(3): 590-597. doi. 10.5897/AJB11.744.
FAO, (2009). High Level Expert Forum—How to Feed the World in 2050, Global agriculture towards 2050 Rome, Italy, 2009.
Galkin, A., Haritonov, A. V., Gibel, I. B., Zulin, I. B., & Sokolov, O. I. (1989). Vozmnožaja signalnaja rol belkov kornej pšenici v processah vzaimodejstvtija pšenici s mikroorganizmami roda Azospirillum. Molekul. i genet. mehanizmi vzaimodejstvija mikroorganizmov s rats.-Puscino, 198-201.
Hayat, R., Ali, S., Amara, U., Khalid, R., & Ahmed, I. (2010). Soil beneficial bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion: a review. Ann Microbio.l, 60, 579–598.
Hussain, T., Anwar-ul-Haq, M., Ahmad, I., Zia, M. H., Ali, T. I., & Anjum, S. (2000). Technology of effective microorganisms as an alternative for rice and wheat production in Pakistan. EM World Jour., 1, 57–67.
Karadžić, B. & Babić, M. (2005): Information technologies and intelligent systems in food production. Modern agricultural technology.
Kichey, T., Hirel, B., Heumez, E., Dubois, F., Le Gouis, J. (2007). In winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), post-anthesis nitrogen uptake and remobilisation to the grain correlates with agronomic traits and nitrogen physiological markers. Field Crops Research, 102, 22–32.
Kovačević D., (2011): Environmental protection in farming and vegetable growing, Monograph, Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun Serbia
Leveau, J. H. (2006). Microbial communities in the phyllosphere, in Biology of the Plant Cuticle, eds M. Riederer and C. Müller (Oxford: Blackwell), 334–367. doi: 10.1002/9780470988718.ch11
Lindow, S. E., & Brandl, M. T. (2003). Microbiology of the phyllosphere. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69, 1875–1883. doi: 10.1128/AEM.69.4.
Mladenov, N., Hristov, N., Đurić, V., Jevtić, R., & Jocković, B. (2014): The influence of rainfall at the time of harvest on the yield of winter wheat, 45th Conference of Serbian Agronomists, Institute of Crop and Vegetable Agriculture Novi Sad, Proceedings (pp 27-31).
Molla, A. H., Haque, M. M., Haque, M. A., & Ilias G. N. M. (2012). Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer enhances production and nutritional quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) and minimizes NPK fertilizer use. Agricultural Research, 1. 265-272.
Andres, N., Latrónico, A., & García de Salamone, I. (2002). Inoculation of wheat with Azospirillum brasilense and Pseudomonas fluorescens: Impact on the production and culturable rhizosphere microflora European Journal of Soil Biology, 45 (1), 44-51. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2008.11.001
Pena, R. J. (2007). Current and future trends of wheat quality needs. In: Buck, H.T., Nisi, J. E., Salomon, N. (eds.). Wheat production in stressed environments. Springer. 411-424.
Roljević, S. (2014). Productivity of alternative small grains in the organic farming system, Doctoral Dissertation University of Belgrade Faculty of Agriculture
Seibutis, V., Deveikytė, I., & Feiza, V. (2009). Effects of short crop rotation and soil tillage on winter wheat development in central Lithuania Agronomy Research 7: (Special issue I), 471–476.
Sharma, P., Patel, A. N., Saini, M. K., & Deep, S. (2012). Field demonstration of Trichoderma harzianum as a plant growth promoter in wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(8), 65.
Vessey, J. K. (2003). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant Soil, 255, 571–586. doi:10.1023/a:1026037216893