INFLUENCE OF VARIETY ON THE GRAPE QUALITY OF STANUSHINA CULTIVAR
Клучни зборови:
Stanushina, varieties, fertility, yield, grape quality.Апстракт
The Tikveš wine-growing region is the largest area for grape and wine production in the Republic of North Macedonia and is also the region with the highest concentration of the only native grape variety – Stanushina. This indigenous variety has been cultivated since ancient times in the Tikveš region and belongs to the ecological-geographical group of Black Sea varieties, subgroup Balkanica. Out of approximately 300 hectares of vineyards planted with Stanushina, more than 250 hectares are located in the Tikveš region. In other wine regions, this variety is very rare and typically found only as individual vines. Stanushina exists in several biotypes (varieties), with the following identified: black, pink (sura), and reulava Stanushina. The Black Stanushina variety is characterized by a dark blue skin coloration. The pink variant exhibits pink skin pigmentation, whereas the Sura variant is distinguished by looser cluster structure, with the presence of unfertilized or underdeveloped berries within the cluster (millerandage). This study presents a comparative analysis of two identified Stanushina varieties at two different micro-locations: the black variety was studied at the "Bela Česhma" site near the village of Resava, and the pink variety at "CrvenoBrdo," near the village of Begnište. Both sites use the vertical trellis (espalier) training system. The objective of this research is to determine the differences between the two varieties in terms of average bunch weight, yield, fertility, and overall grape quality. The comparative analysis showed us a higher shoot yield coefficient and shoot fertility coefficient in the pink variety (Sura), and a higher average bunch mass in the black Stanushina (variety).
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