THE LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC RELATIONS OF HYPONYMY AND HYPERNYMY IN LAW TERMS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE WITH TRANSLATIONAL EQUIVALENTS IN MACEDONIAN
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Published:
Dec 19, 2020
Keywords:
legal english, hypernymy, hyponymy, semantic fields, part/whole relationship
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Abstract
The goal of this paper is to analyse and understand the nature of the Legal English through the lexical and semantic relations of hyponymy and hypernymy present in the legal terms in English and Macedonian. From the analysis of the legal terms used in the criminal law, it can be concluded that the law vocabulary in
English represents a clearly structured system of semantic fields which could be shown through the paradigmatic relations of hyponymy and hypernymy, starting from the archlexeme “law” (‘право’ in Macedonian), as a main hypernym, and many hyponyms which represent hypernyms of other hyperonyms, all up to the most basic terms in each separate semantic field. The term taxonym represents a hyponym of the term “hyponym”. This system is mainly characterised by the part/whole relationship, which holds not only between the individual lexemes and the lexical field, but also between the specific lexical fields and the vocabulary as a whole.
English represents a clearly structured system of semantic fields which could be shown through the paradigmatic relations of hyponymy and hypernymy, starting from the archlexeme “law” (‘право’ in Macedonian), as a main hypernym, and many hyponyms which represent hypernyms of other hyperonyms, all up to the most basic terms in each separate semantic field. The term taxonym represents a hyponym of the term “hyponym”. This system is mainly characterised by the part/whole relationship, which holds not only between the individual lexemes and the lexical field, but also between the specific lexical fields and the vocabulary as a whole.
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How to Cite
Lazarevska, Meri. 2020. “THE LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC RELATIONS OF HYPONYMY AND HYPERNYMY IN LAW TERMS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE WITH TRANSLATIONAL EQUIVALENTS IN MACEDONIAN”. Journal of Contemporary Philology 3 (2), 63–76. https://doi.org/10.37834/JCP2020063l.
Section
Linguistics
Copyright © 2014 Blaže Koneski Faculty of Philology, Skopje
Journal of Contemporary Philology (JCP)
Современа филологија
References
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Crystal, D. (1991). A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
Douglas, D. (2000). Assessing Languages for Specific Purposes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
De Bray,R., Dimitrovski,T., Korubin, B., Stamatoski, T., Hill,P., Mircevska, S. and Windle,K (eds.). (1998). Routhledge Macedonian – English Dictionary. London: Routhledge.
Duranti, A. (2001). Key Terms in Language and Culture. Oxford: Blackwell.
Empson, W. (1965). Seven Types of Ambiguity. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Fromkin, V. and Rodman, R. (1993). An Introduction to Language. New York:
Harcourt Brace-Jovanovich.
Fromkin, V., Rodman R. and Hyams N. (2000). Linguistics. An Introduction to Linguistic Theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
Garner, B.A. (1987). A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ghadessy, M. (ed.). (1988). Registers of Written English: Situational Factors and Linguistic features. London: Pinter.
Goshgarian, G. (ed.). (1995). Exploring Language. New York: Harper Collins College Publisher.
Hutchison, T. and Waters, A. (1987). English for Specific Purposes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hurford, J. R. and Heasley, B. (1983). Semantics: a coursebook. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jackson, H. and Amvela, Ze E. (2000). Words, Meaning and Vocabulary. Bloomsbbury Publishing
Kennedy, C. and Rod, B. (1984). English for Specific Purposes. London: Macmillan.
Kooij, G.J. (1971). Ambiguity in Natural Language. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company.
Lehrer, A. (1974). Semantic Fields and Lexical Structure. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company.
Lyons, J. (1977). Semantics. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Martin, E. (ed.). (1997). A Dictionary of Law. Fourth Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Master, P. and Brinton, M. D. (ed.). (1998). New Ways in English for Specific Purposes.
Alexandria VA: TESOL.
Powel, R. (1993). Law Today. Harrow: Addison Wesley Longman Limited.
Riley, A. (1991). English for Law. London and Basingstoke: Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
Tomic, Mišeska O. (1995). The English Word. Novi Sad: Futura.
Tomić, Mišeska O. and Misic, M. (1994). English Macedonian Dictionary. Skopje: Kultura.
Widdowson, H. (1979). Explorations in Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cambridge Professional English – International Legal English – Online Legal English Research. http://cdextras.cambridge.org/
EurLex – The access to European Union Law. http:// eur-lex.europa.eu/Find Law: http://findlaw.com/
Random House Webster’s Electronic Dictionary. https://books.google.mk/books/about/Random_House_Webster_s_Unabridged_Dictio.html?id=oMfXPwAACAAJ&redir_esc=y
Trans Legal – The world’s leading provider of Legal English – CUP. http:// translegal.com/
WordNet – A lexical database for the English Language, Science Laboratory, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University. http://wordnet.com/