НАУЧНИ ФАКТИ И ПРЕТПОСТАВКИ ЗА ГЕНЕТСКИ МОДИФИЦИРАНИТЕ КУЛТУРИ: КОМЕРЦИЈАЛИЗАЦИЈА И ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ВО СВЕТОТ SCIENTIFIC FACTS AND ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS: COMERCIALIZATION AND PRODUCTION IN THE WORLD
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The genetically modifications of the agricultural crops are performed for more than two decades. Debates over the genetically modified (GM) crops are taking place continuously and all of the countries do not have equal approach to these crops. The most of the world countries do not cultivate GM crops, and some of them have bans on cultivation. However, since 1996 the areas under GM crops and the number of countries with cultivation are increasing. The purpose of this work is to analyze the GM crops cultivation in the period 1996-2013. The review of cultivation is presented by countries, crops and modified traits. The result of the analysis demonstrate that the total area in 2013 have increased 100-fold, compared to 1996. The number of countries growing GM crops was increasing until 2011, reducing for one county afterwards. Within the European Union, beside the strongest attitude against cultivation of GM crops, five countries continue to plant such crops. Soybean, corn, cotton and canola are the four main GM crops grown worldwide. Within the last few years, cultivation of sugar beet and alfalfa is increasing. Beside these principal crops, papaya, squash, sweet pepper, tomato and poplar are grown on small areas. It is important to emphasize that the production of the six most cultivated crops is intended for industrial processing and feed only and not for food. Herbicide tolerance and insect
resistance remain to be dominant modified traits of the commercialized GM crops.
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M.L., Brand L.A., Fink C.L., Fry J.S., Galluppi G.R., Goldberg S.B., Hoffmann N.L., Woo S.C. 1983. Expression of bacterial genes in plant cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 80(15):4803-7.
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Taiwan. Technovation 2005;25:281–92.
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