YIELD OF BROOMCORN (SORGHUM VULGARE VAR. TECHNICUM [KÖRN.]) CULTIVATED IN SOUTHERN BULGARIA
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Dec 15, 2022
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A three years’ comparative trial was conducted in Agricultural Experimental Station in the Eastern Rhodopes – Kardzhali, Bulgaria to assess the productive potential of five broomcorn genotypes – cultivar Prima and populations S14, G16, L18 and MI16N. Fresh biomass yield was formed by two to three cuttings per season, depending on annual precipitation quantities. The average duration for cutting formation for the region is from 35 to 45 days. When grown in Southern Bulgaria (Kardzhali region) broomcorn landraces can produced up to 9974 kg/da fresh biomass and up to 1977 kg/da dry mass, depending on the cultivation year. The highest yield of fresh and dry biomass was obtained from the local population MI16N, which exceeds the standard variety Prima from 131.8% to 185.1% and an average of 159.1%. This study demonstrates the potential of growing broomcorn for fodder in the conditions of Southern Bulgaria.
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Berenji, J., Sikora, V., & Latković, D. (2013, May). The role and significance of alternative crops in development of sustainable farming model for viable country life. In International Symposium ”Trends in the European Agriculture Development“ Proceedings pp. 57, Timisoara, Romania.
Berenji, J., & Dahlberg, J. (2004). Perspectives of Sorghum in Europe. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 1905, 332-338.
Berenji, J., Dahlberg, J., Sikora, V., & Latković, D. (2011). Origin, history, morphology, production, improvement and utilization of broomcorn (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in Serbia. Economic Botany, 65(2), 190-208.
Borrell, A., Hammer, G., & Henzel, R. (2000). Does maintaining leaf area in sorghum improve yield under drought? II Dry matter production and yield. Crop Science, 40(4), 1037-1048.
Brdar-Jokanovic, M., & Sikora, V. (2020). Sorghum germination under peg-induced drought stress. Alternative Crops and Cultivation Practices, 2, 33-38.
Chamble, D., Green, J., & Burns, J. (1995). Principle forages of North Carolina: adaption,
characteristics, management, and utilization. In: Chamblle, D., & Green, J. (eds.). Production and Utilization of Pastures and Forages in North Carolina. Technical Buletin 305.
Croitoru, A., Piticar, A., Imbroane, A., & Burada, D. (2013). Spatiotemporal distribution of aridity indices based on temperature and precipitation in the extra – Carpathian regions of Romania. Theoretical and applied climatology, 112(3), 597-607.
De Martonne, E. (1925). Traité de géographie physique. Vol. I: Notions generales, climat, hydrographie. Geogr. Rev., 15, 336–337.
Hair, Y., Anderson, R., & Tathum, Rh. (1987). Multivariate data analysis with readings Macmillan Publ. CO. New York.
Liliane, T. N., & Charles, M. S. (2020). Factors affecting yield of crops. In A. Amanullah, (Ed.), Agronomy - Climate Change and Food Security, (pp. 9-25) IntechOpen, London.
Marinov-Serafimov Pl., Golubinova, I., Petrova, R., Harizanova-Petrova, B., Petrovska, N., Valkova, V., Blagoeva, E., & Pavlovski, K. (2020). Possibilities for use and application of broomcorn. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans, 23(6), 149-161.
Mazdrakov, P. (1937). Cereals, observations and experiments on the state experimental field - Pavlikeni 1931-1936. Bonyu Nenkov Printing House, Tryavna.
Meier, U. 2001. Growth stages of mono-and dicotyledonous plants. BBCH Monograph. 2. Edition, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Bonn.
Mulatu, W., & Kifle, G. (2016). Evaluation of some botanicals and Sorghum varieties and landraces for the management of Maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae. [Doctoral dissertation], Haramaya University.
Niggli L., Huggel, C., Muccione, V., Neukom, R., & Salzmann, N. 2022. Towards improved understanding of cascading and interconnected risks from concurrent weather extremes: Analysis of historical heat and drought extreme events. PLOS Climate, 1(8): e0000057.
Pastorelli, G., Serra, V., Vannuccini, C., & Attard, E. (2022). Opuntia spp. as alternative fodder for sustainable livestock production. Animals, 12, 1597.
Raza, A., Razzaq, A., Mehmood, S., Zou, X., Zhang, X., Lv, Y., & Xu, J. 2019. Impact of climate change on crop adaptation and strategies to tackle its outcome: A review. Plants, 30 -8(2), 34-63.
Sapundzhiev, D., & Mitreva, Z. (2016) Agro-climatic potential of the South central planning region. Soil Science Agrochemisty and Ecology, 50(3-4), 120-127.
Sikora, V., & Berenji, J. (2011, February). Sirak za zrno i sirak metlaš kao alternativne kulture. [Broomcorn for grain and fodder as alternative crop]. In: XXXXV Savetovanje agronoma Srbije. (pp.171-180) Zlatibor, Serbia.
Sikora, V., Stojanović, A., Brdar-Jokanović, M., Kiprovski, B., Mutavdžić, B., Ugrenović, V., & Tóth, Š. (2018). Broomcorn [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Mocnch] panicle yield as affected by environmental variables and agro-technological traits. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 50(2), 545-552.
Sikora, V., Berenji, J., Maksimović, L., & Popović, V. (2013). Sirak u uslovima abiotičkog stresa. I. Stres izazvan sušom. [Broomcorn at abiotic stress. I. Drought stress] Bilten za alternativne biljne vrste, 45, 86, 1–10.
Sikora, V., Popović, V., Zorić, M., Latković, D., Filipović, V., Tatić, M., & Ikanović. J. (2016). An agrotechnological characterization of South-Eastern European broomcorn landraces. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 53(3), 567-576.
Stefan, M. (2015). The sorghum varieties – more profitable and safer for a continuous climate change. In: International Conference on Competitiveness of Agro-food and Environmental Economy Proceedings, (pp. 377-380) Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Berenji, J., & Dahlberg, J. (2004). Perspectives of Sorghum in Europe. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 1905, 332-338.
Berenji, J., Dahlberg, J., Sikora, V., & Latković, D. (2011). Origin, history, morphology, production, improvement and utilization of broomcorn (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in Serbia. Economic Botany, 65(2), 190-208.
Borrell, A., Hammer, G., & Henzel, R. (2000). Does maintaining leaf area in sorghum improve yield under drought? II Dry matter production and yield. Crop Science, 40(4), 1037-1048.
Brdar-Jokanovic, M., & Sikora, V. (2020). Sorghum germination under peg-induced drought stress. Alternative Crops and Cultivation Practices, 2, 33-38.
Chamble, D., Green, J., & Burns, J. (1995). Principle forages of North Carolina: adaption,
characteristics, management, and utilization. In: Chamblle, D., & Green, J. (eds.). Production and Utilization of Pastures and Forages in North Carolina. Technical Buletin 305.
Croitoru, A., Piticar, A., Imbroane, A., & Burada, D. (2013). Spatiotemporal distribution of aridity indices based on temperature and precipitation in the extra – Carpathian regions of Romania. Theoretical and applied climatology, 112(3), 597-607.
De Martonne, E. (1925). Traité de géographie physique. Vol. I: Notions generales, climat, hydrographie. Geogr. Rev., 15, 336–337.
Hair, Y., Anderson, R., & Tathum, Rh. (1987). Multivariate data analysis with readings Macmillan Publ. CO. New York.
Liliane, T. N., & Charles, M. S. (2020). Factors affecting yield of crops. In A. Amanullah, (Ed.), Agronomy - Climate Change and Food Security, (pp. 9-25) IntechOpen, London.
Marinov-Serafimov Pl., Golubinova, I., Petrova, R., Harizanova-Petrova, B., Petrovska, N., Valkova, V., Blagoeva, E., & Pavlovski, K. (2020). Possibilities for use and application of broomcorn. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans, 23(6), 149-161.
Mazdrakov, P. (1937). Cereals, observations and experiments on the state experimental field - Pavlikeni 1931-1936. Bonyu Nenkov Printing House, Tryavna.
Meier, U. 2001. Growth stages of mono-and dicotyledonous plants. BBCH Monograph. 2. Edition, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Bonn.
Mulatu, W., & Kifle, G. (2016). Evaluation of some botanicals and Sorghum varieties and landraces for the management of Maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae. [Doctoral dissertation], Haramaya University.
Niggli L., Huggel, C., Muccione, V., Neukom, R., & Salzmann, N. 2022. Towards improved understanding of cascading and interconnected risks from concurrent weather extremes: Analysis of historical heat and drought extreme events. PLOS Climate, 1(8): e0000057.
Pastorelli, G., Serra, V., Vannuccini, C., & Attard, E. (2022). Opuntia spp. as alternative fodder for sustainable livestock production. Animals, 12, 1597.
Raza, A., Razzaq, A., Mehmood, S., Zou, X., Zhang, X., Lv, Y., & Xu, J. 2019. Impact of climate change on crop adaptation and strategies to tackle its outcome: A review. Plants, 30 -8(2), 34-63.
Sapundzhiev, D., & Mitreva, Z. (2016) Agro-climatic potential of the South central planning region. Soil Science Agrochemisty and Ecology, 50(3-4), 120-127.
Sikora, V., & Berenji, J. (2011, February). Sirak za zrno i sirak metlaš kao alternativne kulture. [Broomcorn for grain and fodder as alternative crop]. In: XXXXV Savetovanje agronoma Srbije. (pp.171-180) Zlatibor, Serbia.
Sikora, V., Stojanović, A., Brdar-Jokanović, M., Kiprovski, B., Mutavdžić, B., Ugrenović, V., & Tóth, Š. (2018). Broomcorn [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Mocnch] panicle yield as affected by environmental variables and agro-technological traits. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 50(2), 545-552.
Sikora, V., Berenji, J., Maksimović, L., & Popović, V. (2013). Sirak u uslovima abiotičkog stresa. I. Stres izazvan sušom. [Broomcorn at abiotic stress. I. Drought stress] Bilten za alternativne biljne vrste, 45, 86, 1–10.
Sikora, V., Popović, V., Zorić, M., Latković, D., Filipović, V., Tatić, M., & Ikanović. J. (2016). An agrotechnological characterization of South-Eastern European broomcorn landraces. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 53(3), 567-576.
Stefan, M. (2015). The sorghum varieties – more profitable and safer for a continuous climate change. In: International Conference on Competitiveness of Agro-food and Environmental Economy Proceedings, (pp. 377-380) Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania