RODNO OBILJEŽENA KONCEPTUALNA METAFORA ŽENA JE PTICA (NA PRIMJERIMA IZ HRVATSKOG I BUGARSKOG JEZIKA)

Ana Vasung

Ana Vasung Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu

Ključne riječi: konceptualna metafora, animalistička metafora, antropomorfizam, žena je ptica, bugarski jezik, hrvatski jezik, rodni stereotipi, rodna lingvistika

Sažetak

Tema rada je rodno obilježena konceptualna metafora ŽENA JE PTICA u dvama bliskosrodnim jezicima – bugarskom i hrvatskom jeziku. Korpus analiziranih ornitonima, koji se u prenesenom značenju rabe za referenta ženskog spola, prikupljen je iz jednojezičnih općih i frazeoloških rječnika te online rječnika i rječnika žargona. Pojedina su značenja oprimjerena iz mrežnih korpusa hrWac i Bulgarian web 2012, pomoću alata Sketch engine. Iako su u analiziranom korpusu podjednako zastupljene domaće i divlje ptice, domaće su semantički i metaforički produktivnije. Kontrastivnom je analizom utvrđeno da je većina metafora utemeljena na antropomorfizmu te da pejorativnost u funkciji semantičke derogacije žena dominira nad pozitivno obilježenim značenjima. Čak i u slučaju odmilica, koje bi trebale izraziti osobit odnos bliskosti ili simpatičnosti, zabilježili smo pejorativnost i naznake seksizma. Međujezične razlike u smislu postojanja specifičnijih značenja realiziraju se u okviru kategorije dobi i seksualne konotacije. Međujezične i unutarjezične varijacije (Kövecses, 2005, 2015) rezultat su ovisnosti metaforičkog značenja o kontekstu i sudionicima u komunikaciji.

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